Study of the motivation and entrepreneurial intention from the perspective of university students

Abstract

The two fundamental ideas which are vital for the successes of entrepreneurial endeavors are motivation and entrepreneurial intension. Entrepreneurial intension discusses about the extent to which people intend to launch a new firm or get involved in entrepreneurial activities. On the other hand, motivation is the aspiration and drive that people have to follow their goals. University students have recently shown an increasing interest in learning more about the connection between motivation and entrepreneurial intention. University students are an important segment of the population for entrepreneurship since they represent a vast talent pool and prospective business owners. Universities also offer the best environment for promoting entrepreneurship through training, education, and networking possibilities. Given the growing significance of entrepreneurship as an engine of economic growth and job creation, the subject of motivation and entrepreneurial intention among university students is particularly pertinent. Universities and politicians can create efficient programs and policies to encourage and promote entrepreneurship by having a better grasp of the variables that affect students' motivation and intention to pursue entrepreneurship. Overall, the research on entrepreneurial intention and motivation from the viewpoint of university students has significant ramifications for the creation of efficient support and promotion strategies for entrepreneurship, both at the individual and societal levels. Numerous studies have been conducted in the literature to better understand how entrepreneurs contribute to economic development (Bowen and De Clercq, 2008; Huggins and Thompson, 2015; Lián et al., 2011; Urbano et al., 2019). Entrepreneurship has been connected to progress in both development and economy. The literature claims that entrepreneurship is one of the main drivers of economic growth since it boosts productivity, encourages economic expansion, and advances social welfare (Coulibaly et al., 2018; Guerrero et al., 2008; Malchow-Mller et al., 2011). Today's society depends more and more on entrepreneurs to generate prosperity. The comprehension of future entrepreneurial activity can be enhanced by looking at entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial intention is a mentality that focuses people's attention on achieving a goal (Bird 1988). According to Ajzen (1991) and Fishbein and Ajzen (1975), people who intend to launch a firm are very likely to do so, hence it stands to reason that investigating entrepreneurial intention is an important first step in understanding actual entrepreneurial behavior. Recent empirical research in the realm of entrepreneurship (Diaz-Garcia and Jimenez-Moreno 2010; Lee et al. 2011; Shinnar et al. 2012; Siu and Lo 2013) demonstrate the importance of assessing entrepreneurial purpose. According to the global data from the most recent study by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) 2020-2021), among the 43 economies that took part in the survey, the Middle East and Africa had the greatest levels of Total Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TORCH). On the other hand, Europe and North America had the lowest TEA levels. Spain's situation is considerably worse because its TEA, at 5.5%, is significantly lower than the EU average (8.1%) (Bosma et al., 2021). There is an increasing interest in creating educational initiatives that support and encourage entrepreneurship with the goal of boosting entrepreneurial intent in nations with lower-than-average entrepreneurial rates, like Spain. It is common to have real-world experiences like those described by Arias, Barba-Sánchez, Carrión, and Casado (2018).

Las dos ideas fundamentales que son vitales para el éxito de los esfuerzos empresariales son la motivación y la intención empresarial. La intención empresarial analiza hasta qué punto las personas tienen la intención de lanzar una nueva empresa o involucrarse en actividades empresariales. Por otro lado, la motivación es la aspiración y el impulso que tienen las personas para seguir sus objetivos. Los estudiantes universitarios han mostrado recientemente un interés cada vez mayor en aprender más sobre la conexión entre la motivación y la intención emprendedora. Los estudiantes universitarios son un segmento importante de la población para el espíritu empresarial, ya que representan una gran reserva de talentos y posibles propietarios de empresas. Las universidades también ofrecen el mejor entorno para promover el espíritu empresarial a través de la formación, la educación y las posibilidades de establecer contactos. Dada la creciente importancia del emprendimiento como motor de crecimiento económico y creación de empleo, el tema de la motivación y la intención emprendedora entre los estudiantes universitarios resulta particularmente pertinente. Las universidades y los políticos pueden crear programas y políticas eficientes para alentar y promover el espíritu empresarial si comprenden mejor las variables que afectan la motivación y la intención de los estudiantes de emprender.